Short-term impact of a classical ketogenic diet on gut microbiota in GLUT1 Deficiency Syndrome: A 3-month prospective observational study

Study information

Needs review

study design

prospective cohort

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

28361745

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.clnesp.2016.11.003

URI

Authors

Tagliabue A, Ferraris C, Uggeri F, Trentani C, Bertoli S, de Giorgis V, Veggiotti P, Elli M

Journal

Clinical nutrition ESPEN

Year

2017

Keywords:

Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome, Ketogenic diet, Microbiota

BACKGROUND&AIMS: The classical ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, very low-carbohydrate normocaloric diet used for drug-resistant epilepsy and Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome (GLUT1 DS). In animal models, high fat diet induces large alterations in microbiota producing deleterious effects on gut health. We carried out a pilot study on patients treated with KD comparing their microbiota composition before and after three months on the diet. METHODS: Six patients affected by GLUT1 DS were asked to collect fecal samples before and after three months on the diet. RT - PCR analysis was performed in order to quantify Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Clostridium perfringens, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridium cluster XIV, Desulfovibrio spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. RESULTS: Compared with baseline, there were no statistically significant differences at 3 months in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. However fecal microbial profiles revealed a statistically significant increase in Desulfovibrio spp. (p = 0.025), a bacterial group supposed to be involved in the exacerbation of the inflammatory condition of the gut mucosa associated to the consumption of fats of animal origin. CONCLUSIONS: A future prospective study on the changes in gut microbiota of all children with epilepsy started on a KD is warranted. In patients with dysbiosis demonstrated by fecal samples, it my be reasonable to consider an empiric trial of pre or probiotics to potentially restore the «ecological balance» of intestinal microbiota.

Experiment 1

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Needs review

Curated date: 2024/12/09

Curator: Kavyaayala

Revision editor(s): Kavyaayala

Subjects

Location of subjects: Italy

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Not specified

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Response to ketogenic diet Response to ketogenic diet,response to ketogenic diet

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: pre-ketogenic diet treatment

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: post-ketogenic diet treatment

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: children diagnosed with GLUT-1 deficiency syndrome after classical ketogenic diet treatment

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 6

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 6

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 1 month

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: PCR

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: Not specified

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: RT-qPCR

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: log transformation