A comparison of the gut microbiota among adult patients with drug-responsive and drug-resistant epilepsy: An exploratory study

Study information

Needs review

study design

cross-sectional observational, not case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

33713890

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106601

URI

Authors

Lee H, Lee S, Lee DH, Kim DW

Journal

Epilepsy research

Year

2021

Keywords:

Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Drug-resistant epilepsy, Gamma-aminobutyric acid, Microbiome, Ruminococcus

BACKGROUND: Approximately one-third of epilepsy patients suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy. The gut microbiome, which is the total genetic makeup of all of the total microbes inhabiting the gut, can affect the CNS through various mechanisms. However, there are only limited studies about the relationship between the gut microbiome and epilepsy. We investigated the composition and characteristics of the gut microbiota among adult patients who have drug-responsive and drug-resistant epilepsy. METHODS: We prospectively included 44 adult epilepsy patients and classified them into drug-responsive and drug-resistant groups. We collected fecal samples for the next-generation sequencing analysis. We statistically estimated the bacterial differences and alpha and beta diversities in each category. RESULTS: Although there was no difference in demographic factors between the drug-responsive and drug-resistant groups, there was a significant difference in the composition of the gut microbiota. While the relative abundance of Bacteroides finegoldii and Ruminococcus_g2 increased in the drug-responsive group, the relative abundance of Negativicutes, which belong to Firmicutes increased in the drug-resistant group. Bifidobacterium was relatively abundant in epilepsy patients with a normal electroencephalogram. There was no significant difference between the two groups in analyses of alpha and beta diversities. CONCLUSIONS: We found a significant difference in the composition of the gut microbiota among adult patients with drug-responsive and drug-resistant epilepsy. Difference in gut microbiota can be used as a novel biomarker to predict prognosis and evaluate treatment response in epilepsy patients. In addition, modification of gut microbiome can be an effective treatment strategy for patient with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2024/12/17

Curator: Kavyaayala

Revision editor(s): Kavyaayala

Subjects

Location of subjects: South Korea

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Epilepsy [X]Other epilepsy,[X]Other epilepsy (disorder),EF - Epileptic fit,EP - Epilepsy,Epilectic attack, NOS,EPILEP NEC W/O INTR EPIL,EPILEP NOS W/O INTR EPIL,epilepsy,Epilepsy (disorder),Epilepsy and recurrent seizures,EPILEPSY NEC W INTR EPIL,Epilepsy NOS,Epilepsy NOS (disorder),EPILEPSY NOS W INTR EPIL,Epilepsy, NOS,Epilepsy, unspecified,Epilepsy, unspecified, with intractable epilepsy,Epilepsy, unspecified, without mention of intractable epilepsy,Epileptic,Epileptic attack,Epileptic attack, NOS,Epileptic convulsions,Epileptic convulsions, NOS,Epileptic disorder,Epileptic disorder, NOS,Epileptic fit,Epileptic fits,Epileptic fits, NOS,Epileptic Seizure,Epileptic seizure (finding),Epileptic seizures,Epileptic seizures, NOS,Generalised convulsion,Generalised fit,Generalised seizure,Generalized convulsion,Generalized fit,Generalized seizure,Generalized seizure (finding),Other forms of epilepsy,Other forms of epilepsy (disorder),Other forms of epilepsy and recurrent seizures,Other forms of epilepsy NOS,Other forms of epilepsy NOS (disorder),Other forms of epilepsy, with intractable epilepsy,Other forms of epilepsy, without mention of intractable epilepsy,Seizure disorder,seizure disorder,Seizure disorder (disorder),Epilepsy

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: drug-resistant

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: drug-responsive

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: drug-responsive epilepsy group

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 20

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 24

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool: 2

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged

Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample: unchanged

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2024/12/17

Curator: Kavyaayala

Revision editor(s): Kavyaayala

Source: Figure 3a

Description: Comparing fecal microbiome of drug-responsive epilepsy group to drug-resistant epilepsy group

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in drug-responsive

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Ruminococcus flavefaciens
Mediterraneibacter faecis
Bacteroides finegoldii

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Signature 2

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Curated date: 2024/12/17

Curator: Kavyaayala

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Source: Figure 3a

Description: Comparing fecal microbiome of drug-responsive epilepsy group to drug-resistant epilepsy group

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in drug-responsive

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Veillonellaceae
Veillonellales
Megamonas funiformis
Megamonas
Selenomonadales
Selenomonadaceae
Negativicutes

Revision editor(s): Kavyaayala