Gut microbiome composition is linked to whole grain-induced immunological improvements

From BugSigDB
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/12
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Martínez I, Lattimer JM, Hubach KL, Case JA, Yang J, Weber CG, Louk JA, Rose DJ, Kyureghian G, Peterson DA, Haub MD, Walter J
Journal
The ISME journal
Year
2013
The involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic disorders, and the ability of whole grains to affect both host metabolism and gut microbial ecology, suggest that some benefits of whole grains are mediated through their effects on the gut microbiome. Nutritional studies that assess the effect of whole grains on both the gut microbiome and human physiology are needed. We conducted a randomized cross-over trial with four-week treatments in which 28 healthy humans consumed a daily dose of 60 g of whole-grain barley (WGB), brown rice (BR), or an equal mixture of the two (BR+WGB), and characterized their impact on fecal microbial ecology and blood markers of inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. All treatments increased microbial diversity, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of the genus Blautia in fecal samples. The inclusion of WGB enriched the genera Roseburia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Roseburia faecis and Roseburia intestinalis. Whole grains, and especially the BR+WGB treatment, reduced plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and peak postprandial glucose. Shifts in the abundance of Eubacterium rectale were associated with changes in the glucose and insulin postprandial response. Interestingly, subjects with greater improvements in IL-6 levels harbored significantly higher proportions of Dialister and lower abundance of Coriobacteriaceae. In conclusion, this study revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/12

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks, Victoria

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
Diet Dietary,Diets,Diet,diet
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
baseline
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
barley (WGB)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
subjects who took a daily 60g dose of barley
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
28
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
28
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
3 months

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V1-V3
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Roche454

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
ANOVA
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
No

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lora Kasselman

Revision editor(s): Fatima, Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Table 2, text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between baseline and end of study for barley study group

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in barley (WGB)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Blautia
Blautia wexlerae
Bacillota
Roseburia faecis
Roseburia intestinalis
Agathobacter rectalis

Revision editor(s): Fatima, Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lora Kasselman

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Table 2, text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between baseline and end of study for barley study group

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in barley (WGB)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroidota
Odoribacter
Odoribacter splanchnicus
Porphyromonadaceae
unclassified Bacteroidota
Bacteroidaceae
Roseburia
Dialister

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Experiment 2


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks, Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
brown rice (BR)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
subjects who took a daily 60g dose of brown rice fiber

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lora Kasselman

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Table 2, text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between baseline and end of study for brown rice study group

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in brown rice (BR)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacillota

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lora Kasselman

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Table 2, text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between baseline and end of study for brown rice study group

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in brown rice (BR)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroidota

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Experiment 3


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks, Victoria

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
brown rice + barley (BR + WGB)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
subjects who took a daily dose of 30g barley + 30g brown rice

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
unchanged
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
increased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lora Kasselman

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Table 2, text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between baseline and end of study for barley+brown rice study group

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in brown rice + barley (BR + WGB)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Blautia
Bacillota

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Claregrieve1 on 2023/01/13

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Lora Kasselman

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks

Source: Table 2, text

Description: Differential microbial abundance between baseline and end of study for barley+brown rice study group

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in brown rice + barley (BR + WGB)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroidaceae
Bacteroides
Bacteroidota

Revision editor(s): Claregrieve1, WikiWorks