Composition and metabolism of fecal microbiota from normal and overweight children are differentially affected by melibiose, raffinose and raffinose-derived fructans

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-6-29

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

29935270

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.06.009

URI

Authors

Adamberg K, Adamberg S, Ernits K, Larionova A, Voor T, Jaagura M, Visnapuu T, Alamäe T

Journal

Anaerobe

Year

2018

Keywords:

Bacteroides, Candidate prebiotic, Dietary fiber, Fructooligosaccharides, Levan, Levansucrase, Short-chain fatty acids

The aim of the study was to investigate the metabolism of non-digestible oligo- and polysaccharides by fecal microbiota, using isothermal microcalorimetry. The five tested substrates were raffinose, melibiose, a mixture of oligo- and polysaccharides produced from raffinose by levansucrase, levan synthesized from raffinose, and levan from timothy grass. Two inocula were comprised of pooled fecal samples from overweight or normal-weight children, from healthy adult volunteers and a pure culture of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron as a reference bacterium for colon microbiota. The growth was analyzed based on the heat evolution curves, and the production of organic acids and gases. Taxonomic profiles of the microbiota were assessed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Raffinose and melibiose promoted the growth of bifidobacteria in all fecal pools. Several pool-specific substrate-related responses to raffinose and melibiose were revealed. Lactate-producing bacteria (Streptococcus and Enterococcus) became enriched in the pool of overweight children resulting in lactic acid as the major fermentation product on short saccharides. Acetic and butyric acids were prevalent at fermentation in the normal-weight pool coinciding with the enrichment of Catenibacterium. In the adult pool, the specific promotion of Bacteroides and Lachnospiraceae by levans was disclosed. In the fecal pool of normal-weight children, levans stimulated the growth of Senegalimassilia and Lachnoclostridium and this particular pool also showed the highest maximum heat production rate at levan fermentation. Levans and raffinose-derived oligosaccharides, but not raffinose and melibiose were completely fermented by a pure culture of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. The main conclusion from the study is that fecal microbiota of normal and overweight children have different compositions and they respond in specific manners to non-digestible oligo- and polysaccharides: raffinose, melibiose, raffinose-derived oligosaccharides and levans. The potential of the tested saccharides to support a healthy balance of colon microbiota requires further studies.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

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Subjects

Location of subjects: Estonia

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable): Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: normal weight children
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: overweight
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Children and adults
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 9
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 9

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: T-Test

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No

Signature 1

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Curator: Mst Afroza Parvin

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Source: Figure 3, Table S2, text

Description: Composition of fecal pools used as inocula according to dominant taxa classified at the phylum or species level.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in overweight

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bifidobacterium bifidum
Enterococcaceae
Enterococcus
Enterococcus sp.
Streptococcaceae
Streptococcus
Streptococcus sp.
Agathobacter rectalis

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Signature 2

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Source: Figure 3, Table S2

Description: Composition of fecal pools used as inocula according to dominant taxa classified at the phylum or species level.

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in overweight

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Phocaeicola vulgatus
Bacteroides uniformis
Anaerostipes hadrus
Bacteroides ovatus
Akkermansia muciniphila

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Experiment 2

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: normal weight adult
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 7

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

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Curator: Mst Afroza Parvin

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Source: Figure 3, Table S2

Description: Composition of fecal pools used as inocula according to dominant taxa classified at the phylum or species level.

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in overweight

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bifidobacterium adolescentis
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum
Blautia wexlerae
Catenibacterium mitsuokai
Clostridia
Clostridiaceae
Clostridiales bacterium
Clostridium sp.
Lachnoclostridium