Oral microbiome and obesity in a large study of low-income and African-American populations

Study information

Needs review

study design

prospective cohort

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

31489128

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1080/20002297.2019.1650597

URI

Authors

Yang Y, Cai Q, Zheng W, Steinwandel M, Blot WJ, Shu XO, Long J

Journal

Journal of oral microbiology

Year

2019

Keywords:

16S rRNA gene sequencing; Southern Community Cohort Study; Probiotic taxa, Oral microbiome, obesity

Few studies have evaluated the relationship of oral microbiome with obesity. We investigated the oral microbiome among 647 obese and 969 non-obese individuals from the Southern Community Cohort Study, through 16S rRNA gene sequencing in mouth rinse samples. We first investigated 16 taxa in two probiotic genera, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Among them, eight showed nominal associations with obesity (P < 0.05). Especially, Bifidobacterium (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.54, 0.83) and Bifidobacterium longum (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.73) were significantly associated with decreased obesity prevalence with false-discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P of 0.01 and 5.41 × 10-4, respectively. Multiple other bacterial taxa were also significantly associated with obesity prevalence at FDR-corrected P < 0.05. Among them, five in Firmicutes and two respectively in Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were significantly associated with increased obesity prevalence. Significant associations with decreased obesity prevalence were observed for two taxa respectively in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Most of these taxa were associated with body mass index at study enrollment and weight gain during adulthood. Also, most of these associations were observed in both European- and African-Americans. Our findings indicate that multiple oral bacterial taxa, including several probiotic taxa, were significantly associated with obesity.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

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Subjects

Location of subjects: United States of America

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Mouth Adult mouth,Cavital oralis,Cavitas oris,Cavum oris,Mouth cavity,Oral region,Oral vestibule,Regio oralis,Rima oris,Stoma,Stomatodaeum,Trophic apparatus,Vestibule of mouth,Vestibulum oris,Mouth,mouth

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology: Obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity,Obesity

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: obese

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: non-obese

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: participants who were selected for four nested case-control studies to investigate the oral microbiome and those diagnosed after mouth rinse sample colection with type 2 diabetes, lung cancer, upper aero-digestive tract cancer, and colorectal cancer

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 647

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 969

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 1 year

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test: Logistic Regression

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: Yes

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age, race, sex, smoking status

Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment: age, alcohol drinking, smoking behavior, race, sex, Confounders controlled for: "total energy intake" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.total energy intake, Confounders controlled for: "disease status during the follow up" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.disease status during the follow up, Confounders controlled for: "and study batch" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.and study batch, number of teeth measurement

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged

Richness Number of species: unchanged

Signature 1

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Curator: Victoria Goulbourne

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Source: Table 2

Description: Probiotic bacterial taxa showing a significantly higher prevelance in non-obese than obese individuals

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in non-obese

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bifidobacterium
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum
Bifidobacterium scardovii
Bifidobacterium subtile
Lactobacillus
Limosilactobacillus fermentum
Limosilactobacillus panis
Lactobacillus ultunensis

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Experiment 2

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Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: non-obese

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: obese

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 969

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 647

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age, smoking behavior, race, sex

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: unchanged

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: unchanged

Richness Number of species: unchanged

Signature 1

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Victoria Goulbourne

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Source: Table 3

Description: Common bacterial taxa showing a significantly higher prevelance in obese than in non-obese individuals

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in obese

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Actinomyces sp.
Carnobacteriaceae
Gemella
Granulicatella
Granulicatella adiacens
Streptococcus cristatus

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Signature 2

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Victoria Goulbourne

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Source: Table 4

Description: Rare taxa showing a significantly higher prevelance in obese or non-obese individuals

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in obese

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Alloscardovia
Anaeroglobus
Aggregatibacter sp. oral taxon 512

Revision editor(s): Atrayees, WikiWorks