High Abundance of genus Prevotella in the gut of perinatally HIV-infected children is associated with IP-10 levels despite therapy

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-5
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Kaur US, Shet A, Rajnala N, Gopalan BP, Moar P, D H, Singh BP, Chaturvedi R, Tandon R
Journal
Scientific reports
Year
2018
Perinatal HIV infection is characterized by faster HIV disease progression and higher initial rate of HIV replication compared to adults. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly reduced HIV replication to undetectable levels, there is persistent elevated inflammation associated with HIV disease progression. Alteration of gut microbiota is associated with increased inflammation in chronic adult HIV infection. Here, we aim to study the gut microbiome and its role in inflammation in treated and untreated HIV-infected children. Examination of fecal microbiota revealed that perinatally infected children living with HIV had significantly higher levels of genus Prevotella that persisted despite ART. These children also had higher levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14), a marker of microbial translocation, and IP-10 despite therapy. The Prevotella positively correlated with IP-10 levels in both treated and untreated HIV-infected children, while genus Prevotella and species Prevotella copri was inversely associated with CD4 count. Relative abundance of genus Prevotella and species Prevotella copri showed positive correlation with sCD14 in ART-suppressed perinatally HIV-infected children. Our study suggests that gut microbiota may serve as one of the driving forces behind the persistent inflammation in children despite ART. Reshaping of microbiota using probiotics may be recommended as an adjunctive therapy along with ART.

Experiment 1


Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks, Atrayees

Subjects

Location of subjects
India
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
HIV infection [X]Human immunodeficiency virus disease,[X]Human immunodeficiency virus disease (disorder),[X]Unspecified human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease,[X]Unspecified human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease (disorder),HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus infection,HIV INFECT,HIV Infection,HIV infection,HIV Infections,HIV infectious disease,HTLV III INFECT,HTLV III Infections,HTLV III LAV INFECT,HTLV III LAV Infections,HTLV WIII INFECTIONS,HTLV WIII LAV INFECTIONS,HTLV-III Infection,HTLV-III Infections,HTLV-III-LAV Infection,HTLV-III-LAV Infections,HUMAN IMMUNO VIRUS DIS,human immunodeficiency virus,Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease,HUMAN IMMUNOdeficiency VIRUS [HIV] INFECTION,Human immunodeficiency virus caused disease or disorder,Human immunodeficiency virus disease,Human immunodeficiency virus disease (disorder),Human immunodeficiency virus disease or disorder,Human immunodeficiency virus infection,Human immunodeficiency virus infection (disorder),Human immunodeficiency virus infection, NOS,Human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease,human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease,Infection, HIV,Infection, HTLV-III,Infection, HTLV-III-LAV,Infections, HIV,Infections, HTLV-III,Infections, HTLV-III-LAV,LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE III INFECTIONS HUMAN T,T LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE III INFECT HUMAN,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,Unspecified human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease (disorder),hIV infection
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
uninfected age-matched controls
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Perinatally HIV-infected children
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Perinatally HIV-infected children
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
14
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
29
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
1 month

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
LEfSe
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
No
LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool
2.5
Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
age

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
decreased
Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
decreased

Signature 1

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Michael Lutete

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Text, Figure 1, Figure 3, Table S1

Description: Perinatally HIV-infected children show a distinct pattern of gut microbiota compared to uninfected controls

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Perinatally HIV-infected children

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Bacteroidota
Spirochaetota
Prevotellaceae
Prevotella
Megasphaera
Enterobacterales
Enterobacteriaceae
Selenomonas
Clostridium
Leptotrichiaceae
Leptotrichia
Pantoea
Aeromonadaceae
Fusobacteriota
Fusobacteriia
Fusobacteriales

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Signature 2

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Michael Lutete

Revision editor(s): Aiyshaaaa, WikiWorks, Merit

Source: Text, Figure 1, Figure 3, Table S1

Description: Perinatally HIV-infected children show a distinct pattern of gut microbiota compared to uninfected controls

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Perinatally HIV-infected children

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Actinomycetota
Anaerolineae
Bacillota
Bacteroidaceae
Bacteroides
Clostridiaceae
Cyanobacteriota
Dehalobacterium
Eubacteriales
Faecalibacterium
Haemophilus
Lachnospiraceae
Lentisphaeria
Lentisphaerota
Longilinea
Oscillospiraceae
Prosthecobacter
Rickettsiales
Rikenellaceae
Ruminococcus
Victivallaceae
Victivallales

Revision editor(s): Aiyshaaaa, WikiWorks, Merit