High Abundance of genus Prevotella in the gut of perinatally HIV-infected children is associated with IP-10 levels despite therapy

Study information

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-5

study design

case-control

Citation

PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.

30518941

DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.

10.1038/s41598-018-35877-4

URI

Authors

Kaur US, Shet A, Rajnala N, Gopalan BP, Moar P, D H, Singh BP, Chaturvedi R, Tandon R

Journal

Scientific reports

Year

2018

Perinatal HIV infection is characterized by faster HIV disease progression and higher initial rate of HIV replication compared to adults. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly reduced HIV replication to undetectable levels, there is persistent elevated inflammation associated with HIV disease progression. Alteration of gut microbiota is associated with increased inflammation in chronic adult HIV infection. Here, we aim to study the gut microbiome and its role in inflammation in treated and untreated HIV-infected children. Examination of fecal microbiota revealed that perinatally infected children living with HIV had significantly higher levels of genus Prevotella that persisted despite ART. These children also had higher levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14), a marker of microbial translocation, and IP-10 despite therapy. The Prevotella positively correlated with IP-10 levels in both treated and untreated HIV-infected children, while genus Prevotella and species Prevotella copri was inversely associated with CD4 count. Relative abundance of genus Prevotella and species Prevotella copri showed positive correlation with sCD14 in ART-suppressed perinatally HIV-infected children. Our study suggests that gut microbiota may serve as one of the driving forces behind the persistent inflammation in children despite ART. Reshaping of microbiota using probiotics may be recommended as an adjunctive therapy along with ART.

Experiment 1

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Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: WikiWorks

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Subjects

Location of subjects: India

Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.: Homo sapiens

Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology: Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies: uninfected age-matched controls

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies: Perinatally HIV-infected children

Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group: Perinatally HIV-infected children

Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group: 14

Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group: 29

Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any): 1 month

Lab analysis

Sequencing type: 16S

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene: V3-V4

Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance: Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).: relative abundances

Statistical test: LEfSe

Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any): 0.05

MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?: No

LDA Score above Threshold for the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score for studies using the popular LEfSe tool: 2.5

Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study: age

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness: decreased

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness: decreased

Signature 1

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Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Michael Lutete

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Source: Text, Figure 1, Figure 3, Table S1

Description: Perinatally HIV-infected children show a distinct pattern of gut microbiota compared to uninfected controls

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Perinatally HIV-infected children

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Bacteroidota
Spirochaetota
Prevotellaceae
Prevotella
Megasphaera
Enterobacterales
Enterobacteriaceae
Selenomonas
Clostridium
Leptotrichiaceae
Leptotrichia
Pantoea
Aeromonadaceae
Fusobacteriota
Fusobacteriia
Fusobacteriales

Revision editor(s): WikiWorks

Signature 2

Edit History Delete

Flag for review

Your review change was submitted

Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Atrayees on 2023-7-5

Curated date: 2021/01/10

Curator: Michael Lutete

Revision editor(s): Aiyshaaaa, WikiWorks, Merit

Source: Text, Figure 1, Figure 3, Table S1

Description: Perinatally HIV-infected children show a distinct pattern of gut microbiota compared to uninfected controls

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Perinatally HIV-infected children

NCBI	Quality Control	Links
Actinomycetota
Anaerolineae
Bacillota
Bacteroidaceae
Bacteroides
Clostridiaceae
Cyanobacteriota
Dehalobacterium
Eubacteriales
Faecalibacterium
Haemophilus
Lachnospiraceae
Lentisphaeria
Lentisphaerota
Longilinea
Oscillospiraceae
Prosthecobacter
Rickettsiales
Rikenellaceae
Ruminococcus
Victivallaceae
Victivallales

Revision editor(s): Aiyshaaaa, WikiWorks, Merit