Drinking alcohol is associated with variation in the human oral microbiome in a large study of American adults

From BugSigDB
Needs review
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI Uniform resource identifier for web resources.
Authors
Fan X, Peters BA, Jacobs EJ, Gapstur SM, Purdue MP, Freedman ND, Alekseyenko AV, Wu J, Yang L, Pei Z, Hayes RB, Ahn J
Journal
Microbiome
Year
2018
BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome can lead to local oral disease and potentially to cancers of the head, neck, and digestive tract. However, little is known regarding exogenous factors contributing to such microbial imbalance. RESULTS: We examined the impact of alcohol consumption on the oral microbiome in a cross-sectional study of 1044 US adults. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes from oral wash samples were amplified, sequenced, and assigned to bacterial taxa. We tested the association of alcohol drinking level (non-drinker, moderate drinker, or heavy drinker) and type (liquor, beer, or wine) with overall microbial composition and individual taxon abundance. The diversity of oral microbiota and overall bacterial profiles differed between heavy drinkers and non-drinkers (α-diversity richness p = 0.0059 and β-diversity unweighted UniFrac p = 0.0036), and abundance of commensal order Lactobacillales tends to be decreased with higher alcohol consumption (fold changes = 0.89 and 0.94 for heavy and moderate drinkers, p trend = 0.005 [q = 0.064]). Additionally, certain genera were enriched in subjects with higher alcohol consumption, including Actinomyces, Leptotrichia, Cardiobacterium, and Neisseria; some of these genera contain oral pathogens, while Neisseria can synthesize the human carcinogen acetaldehyde from ethanol. Wine drinkers may differ from non-drinkers in microbial diversity and profiles (α-diversity richness p = 0.048 and β-diversity unweighted UniFrac p = 0.059) after controlling for drinking amount, while liquor and beer drinkers did not. All significant differences between drinkers and non-drinkers remained after exclusion of current smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Our results, from a large human study of alcohol consumption and the oral microbiome, indicate that alcohol consumption, and heavy drinking in particular, may influence the oral microbiome composition. These findings may have implications for better understanding the potential role that oral bacteria play in alcohol-related diseases.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/03/12

Curator: Brian

Revision editor(s): Brian, Suwaiba

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Mouth Adult mouth,Cavital oralis,Cavitas oris,Cavum oris,Mouth cavity,Oral region,Oral vestibule,Regio oralis,Rima oris,Stoma,Stomatodaeum,Trophic apparatus,Vestibule of mouth,Vestibulum oris,Mouth
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
alcohol drinking , alcohol abuse alcohol consumption,alcohol drinking,abuse, alcohol,addiction, alcohol,alcohol abuse,alcohol addiction,alcohol dependence,alcohol use disorder,alcoholic intoxication, chronic,alcoholism,chronic alcoholic intoxication,dependence, alcohol,ethanol abuse,intoxication, chronic alcoholic
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Non-drinkers
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Moderate drinkers
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
> 0 but ≤ 1 drinks per day, on average, for women, and > 0 but ≤ 2 drinks per day, on average, for men
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
270
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
614
Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
NA

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
PERMANOVA


Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
age, alcohol drinking, body mass index, education level, race, sex, smoking status, "study" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values for the "Confounders controlled for" property.study

Alpha Diversity

Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/03/15

Curator: Brian

Revision editor(s): Brian, Suwaiba

Source: figure 1

Description: Richness and evenness of oral microbiome by alcohol drinking levels

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Moderate drinkers

NCBI Links
Actinomyces
Bacteria
Cardiobacterium
Neisseria
Fusobacterium

Revision editor(s): Brian, Suwaiba

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/03/15

Curator: Brian

Revision editor(s): Brian, Suwaiba

Source: figure 1

Description: Richness and evenness of oral microbiome by alcohol drinking levels

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Moderate drinkers

NCBI Links
Actinomyces
Bacteria
Cardiobacterium
Neisseria
Fusobacterium

Revision editor(s): Brian, Suwaiba

Experiment 2


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/03/20

Curator: Suwaiba

Revision editor(s): Suwaiba

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled (if applicable)
Homo sapiens
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Mouth Adult mouth,Cavital oralis,Cavitas oris,Cavum oris,Mouth cavity,Oral region,Oral vestibule,Regio oralis,Rima oris,Stoma,Stomatodaeum,Trophic apparatus,Vestibule of mouth,Vestibulum oris,Mouth
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
alcohol drinking alcohol consumption,alcohol drinking
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
Non-drinkers
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
Heavy drinkers
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Women and men who had greater than one or two drinks per day, respectively, were considered heavy drinkers
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
270
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
160

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
PERMANOVA
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes


Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
age, sex, body mass index, race, education level, smoking status

Alpha Diversity

Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa
increased
Richness Number of species
increased

Experiment 3


incomplete

Curated date: 2023/03/20

Curator: Suwaiba

Revision editor(s): Suwaiba