Study information
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Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Herken J, Bang C, Rühlemann MC, Finke C, Klag J, Franke A, Prüss H
Journal
Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation
Year
2019
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the gut microbiota shows overabundance of commensal bacteria species in patients with anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, similar to patients with MS or neuromyelitis optica where they potentially balance pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses or participate in disease pathogenesis by molecular mimicry. METHODS: Intestinal microbiota was characterized in patients with NMDAR encephalitis (n = 23, mean age: 34 ± 12.7 years; 21 females) and age/sex/environment-matched healthy controls (n = 24, 40 ± 14.2 years; 22 females) using stool bacteria 16S rDNA sequencing and classification in operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Statistical analyses focused on intraindividual and interindividual bacterial diversity and identification of differentially abundant taxa. RESULTS: Patients with NMDAR encephalitis and controls had similar microbiome profiles of the gut microbiota regarding intraindividual bacterial diversity, OTU distribution, ratio between regional and local species diversity when testing all OTUs, and genera with a relative abundance greater than 0.5%. Similarly, the subgroup of NMDAR encephalitis patients with an ovarian teratoma (n = 3) showed no differences in microbiome variation compared with controls. Patients in the acute encephalitis stage (n = 8) showed significant differences in the numbers of Clostridium XVIII, Clostridium IV, Oscillibacter, Prevotella, and Blautia; however, significance was lost after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSION: Patients with NMDAR encephalitis and controls both had a normal gut microbiome. The lack of overabundance of certain bacterial species in patients suggests that microbiome changes are no major contributors to the pathogenesis, disease course, or prognosis in NMDAR encephalitis. Despite the small sample size and heterogeneous groups, findings indicate differences to other neuroimmunologic diseases.
Experiment 1
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- Germany
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Intestine Bowel,Intestinal tract,Intestine,intestine
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Encephalitis brain inflammation,Encephalitis,encephalitis
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Healthy Control
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- NMDAR encephalitis Patients
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, an antibody-mediated disease of the central nervous system
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 24
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 23
- Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
- Patients who received antibiotic treatment within the last 6 weeks before stool collection were excluded
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V1-V2
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- PERMANOVA
- Negative Binomial Regression
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
- Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
- life style, diet
- Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
- life style, age, sex, diet, smoking status, body weight
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Source: Figure 1
Description: Average gut flora profiles of patients with NMDAR encephalitis and healthy controls
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in NMDAR encephalitis Patients
NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
---|---|---|
Enterobacteriaceae | ||
Lachnospiraceae | ||
Parabacteroides | ||
Prevotella | ||
ClostridialesClostridiales |
Revision editor(s): Aishat
Signature 2
Needs review
Source: Figure 1
Description: Average gut flora profiles of patients with NMDAR encephalitis and healthy controls
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in NMDAR encephalitis Patients
NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
---|---|---|
Alistipes | ||
Bacteroides | ||
Dialister | ||
Faecalibacterium | ||
Oscillospiraceae |
Revision editor(s): Aishat, Fiddyhamma
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