Gut microbiome alterations precede graft rejection in kidney transplantation patients
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Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
Experiment 1
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- Germany
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces,feces
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Response to transplant Response to transplant,response to transplant
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Non Rejection (Pre Rejection)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Rejection (Pre Rejection)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in the Rejection group were those who underwent kidney transplantation prior to rejection.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 60
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 32
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V3-V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- relative abundances
- Statistical test
- Kruskall-Wallis
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
- Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
- age, chronic kidney disease, time, sex, Matched on: "Donor type" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.Donor type
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- decreased
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Source: Figure 2F
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Pre Rejection) and Non-Rejection (Pre Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Rejection (Pre Rejection)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Anaerosporobacter | ||
| Fusobacterium | ||
| Helicobacter | ||
| Neisseria | ||
| Porphyromonas | ||
| Prevotella | ||
| Ralstonia | ||
| Streptococcus |
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Figure 2F
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Pre Rejection) and Non-Rejection (Pre Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Rejection (Pre Rejection)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 2
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Non Rejection (Post Rejection)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Rejection (Post Rejection)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in the Rejection group were those who showed rejection after kidney transplantation within a timeframe of 90 to 1000 days.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 54
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 21
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Figure 5c
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Post Rejection) and Non-Rejection (Post Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Rejection (Post Rejection)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Figure 5c
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Post Rejection) and Non-Rejection (Post Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Rejection (Post Rejection)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 3
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Transplant outcome measurement Transplant outcome measurement,transplant outcome measurement
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Rejection (Sample 1-Pre rejection)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Rejection (Sample 2-Post rejection)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in the Rejection group were those who showed rejection after kidney transplantation within a timeframe of 90 to 1000 days post rejection.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 32
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Source: Figure 5c
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Pre Rejection) and Rejection (Post Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Rejection (Sample 2-Post rejection)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Figure 5c
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Pre Rejection) and Rejection (Post Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Rejection (Sample 2-Post rejection)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 4
Subjects
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- Mann-Whitney (Wilcoxon)
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Simpson Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species evenness
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Source: Figure 5d
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Pre Rejection) and Rejection (Post Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Rejection (Sample 2-Post rejection)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Blautia | ||
| Faecalibacterium |
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Figure 5d
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection (Pre Rejection) and Rejection (Post Rejection).
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Rejection (Sample 2-Post rejection)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Fusobacterium | ||
| Streptococcus |
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 5
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Chronic kidney disease chronic kidney disease,chronic kidney failure,Chronic Kidney Insufficiencies,Chronic Kidney Insufficiency,chronic renal disease,Chronic Renal Failure,chronic renal failure syndrome,Chronic Renal Insufficiencies,chronic renal insufficiency,CKD,CKD - chronic kidney disease,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,END STAGE KIDNEY DIS,End Stage Kidney Disease,END STAGE RENAL DIS,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Kidney Disease,End-Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,ESRD,kidney disease, chronic,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Kidney Failure, Chronic,Kidney Insufficiencies, Chronic,Kidney Insufficiency, Chronic,RENAL DIS END STAGE,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Disease, End-Stage,renal failure - chronic,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End Stage,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Renal Insufficiencies, Chronic,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic,Chronic kidney disease
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Healthy controls
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) from an already published datasets.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 479
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 217
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
- Not specified
Signature 1
Source: Figure 6B
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Healthy Controls.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Streptococcus |
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Figure 6B
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Healthy Controls.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Blautia | ||
| Faecalibacterium |
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 6
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Response to transplant Response to transplant,response to transplant
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Non Rejection
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Rejection
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in the rejection group were Propensity score matched and samples were obtained after Kidney Transplantation prior to rejection.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 60
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 32
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
- Matched on: "propensity score" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.propensity score
Signature 1
Source: Figure 6B
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection and Non-Rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Rejection
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Fusobacterium | ||
| Streptococcus |
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Figure 6B
Description: Differential abundance analysis of bacterial taxa between Rejection and Non-Rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Rejection
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Blautia | ||
| Faecalibacterium |
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 7
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Transplant outcome measurement Transplant outcome measurement,transplant outcome measurement
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Rejection (Decreased)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Rejection (Increased)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Patients experiencing kidney transplantation rejection at any time
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- Not specified
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- Not specified
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
- Statistical test
- Kruskall-Wallis
- Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
- Not specified
Signature 1
Source: Supplementary Figure 4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Rejection (Increased)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Supplementary Figure 4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Rejection (Increased)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 8
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Reaction time measurement Reaction time measurement,reaction time measurement
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Distance to Rejection (Decreasing)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Distance to Rejection (Increasing)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants grouped based on Distance to rejection of kidney transplantation at any sampling time
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplementary Figure 4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Distance to Rejection (Increasing)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Supplementary Figure 4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Distance to Rejection (Increasing)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 9
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Distance to Kidney Transplantation (Decreasing)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Distance to Kidney Transplantation (Increasing)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants grouped based on Distance to kidney transplantation at any sampling time
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplementary Figure 4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Distance to Kidney Transplantation (Increasing)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Signature 2
Source: Supplementary Figure 4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Distance to Kidney Transplantation (Increasing)
Revision editor(s): MyleeeA
Experiment 10
Subjects
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Age Age,age
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Age (Decreasing)
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Age (Increasing)
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants here were grouped by age.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplementary figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Age (Increasing)
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Signature 2
Source: Supplementary figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Age (Increasing)
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Anaerotignum | ||
| Lachnoclostridium | ||
| Butyrivibrio |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 11
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(10-15)/Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(10-15)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 10 and 15 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplemental Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(10-15)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Enterococcus |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Signature 2
Source: Supplementary Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Donor Age(10-15)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| [Ruminococcus] torques | ||
| Faecalibacterium sp. UBA1819 |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 12
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(15-20)/Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(15-20)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 15 and 20 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplemental Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(15-20)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Desulfovibrio | ||
| Enterorhabdus |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 13
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(20-25)/Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(20-25)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 20 and 25 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplementary figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(20-25)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| unknown [Eubacterium] coprostanoligenes groupunknown [Eubacterium] coprostanoligenes group | ||
| Flavonifractor | ||
| Dialister | ||
| Acidaminococcus |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Signature 2
Source: Supplementary figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Donor Age(20-25)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| unclassified Bacteroidota |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 14
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(35-40)/Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(35-40)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 35 and 40 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplementary figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(35-40)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Dialister | ||
| unclassified Actinomycetota |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 15
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(40-45)/Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(40-45)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 40 and 45 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplementary figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(40-45)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Butyrivibrio |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 16
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(45-50)/ Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(45-50)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 45 and 50 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplemental Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(45-50)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Prevotella 7Prevotella 7 | ||
| Ralstonia |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Signature 2
Source: Supplemental Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Donor Age(45-50)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| unclassified Oscillospiraceae |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 17
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(70-75)/ Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(70-75)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 70 and 75 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplemental Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(70-75)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Holdemania | ||
| unclassified Bacilli |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 18
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(75-80)/ Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(75-80)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors between the ages of 75 and 80 years.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplemental Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(75-80)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| unknown UCG-010unknown UCG-010 | ||
| Thomasclavelia | ||
| Enterobacter | ||
| Citrobacter |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Experiment 19
Subjects
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(>80)/ Decreasing
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Donor Age(>80)/ Increasing
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Participants in this group are donors above the age of 80.
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Signature 1
Source: Supplemental Figure S4
Description: Heatmap showing associations of bacterial genera with kidney transplant rejection.
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Donor Age(>80)/ Increasing
| NCBI | Quality Control | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Citrobacter | ||
| unclassified Lactobacillaceae | ||
| Escherichia/Shigella sp. |
Revision editor(s): Victoria
Contents
- 1 Experiment 1
- 2 Experiment 2
- 3 Experiment 3
- 4 Experiment 4
- 5 Experiment 5
- 6 Experiment 6
- 7 Experiment 7
- 8 Experiment 8
- 9 Experiment 9
- 10 Experiment 10
- 11 Experiment 11
- 12 Experiment 12
- 13 Experiment 13
- 14 Experiment 14
- 15 Experiment 15
- 16 Experiment 16
- 17 Experiment 17
- 18 Experiment 18
- 19 Experiment 19
