Differential Responses to Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate Ratio on Gut Microbiome in Obese vs. Lean Cats

From BugSigDB
Needs review
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Li Q, Pan Y
Journal
Frontiers in microbiology
Year
2020
Keywords:
carbohydrate, cat, diet, feline, microbiome, obesity, protein
More than 60% of domestic cats in the United States are either overweight or obese (OW). High-protein low-carbohydrate (HPLC) diets have been recommended for weight management for humans and pets. Gut microbes can influence the host's health and metabolism. Less is known about feline gut microbiomes compared to other species. Thirty-nine lean (LN) and OW domestic short-haired cats (median age, 7.2 years) with median body fat of 15.8 and 32.5%, respectively, were enrolled in a two-phase study. All cats were fed the control diet (CON) with 32.4% protein and 32.3% carbohydrate for 8 weeks followed by another 8 weeks of intervention where half of the cats continued the CON diet while the other half were switched to a HPLC diet with 51.4% protein and 11.6% carbohydrate. The goal was to understand how the HPLC diet influenced gut microbiota in obese vs. lean cats. The 16S rRNA gene profiling study revealed a significant impact on gut microbiome by dietary protein and carbohydrate ratio. The effect was more pronounced in OW cats than LN cats. While no microbial taxon was different between groups in LN cats, compositional changes occurred at different taxonomical ranks in OW cats. At the phylum level, Fusobacteria became more abundant in HPLC-fed cats than in CON-fed cats. At the genus level, five short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers had altered compositions in response to the diets: Faecalibacterium and Fusobacterium are more abundant in HPLC-fed cats while the abundances of Megasphaera, Bifidobacterium, and Veillonella increased in CON-fed cats. Predicted microbial gene networks showed changes in energy metabolism and one-carbon metabolism pathways. Our study demonstrated differential responses to HPLC diet between obese vs. lean cats and opportunities to explore these SCFA-producers for weight management in cats.

Experiment 1


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme, Chloe, LGeistlinger

Subjects

Location of subjects
United States of America
Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
Felis catus
Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
Feces Cow dung,Cow pat,Droppings,Dung,Excrement,Excreta,Faeces,Fecal material,Fecal matter,Fewmet,Frass,Guano,Matières fécales@fr,Merde@fr,Ordure,Partie de la merde@fr,Piece of shit,Porción de mierda@es,Portion of dung,Portion of excrement,Portion of faeces,Portion of fecal material,Portion of fecal matter,Portion of feces,Portion of guano,Portion of scat,Portionem cacas,Scat,Spoor,Spraint,Stool,Teil der fäkalien@de,Feces
Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
obesity Adiposis,Adiposity,Obese,Obese (finding),obesity,Obesity (disorder),Obesity [Ambiguous],obesity disease,obesity disorder,Obesity NOS,Obesity, unspecified,Overweight and obesity
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
LN cats at T1
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
OW cats at T1
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Overweight domestic felines that have an excess accumulation of body fat at the end of T1 (baseline feeding)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
19
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
20

Lab analysis

Sequencing type
16S
16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
relative abundances
Statistical test
Kruskall-Wallis
Dunn's test
Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
0.05
MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
Yes
Matched on Factors on which subjects have been matched on in a case-control study
age, sex, Matched on: "breed" is not in the list (abnormal glucose tolerance, acetaldehyde, acute graft vs. host disease, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, adenoma, age, AIDS, alcohol consumption measurement, alcohol drinking, ...) of allowed values.breed

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S3

Description: Increase abundance in OW cats at T1 (baseline feeding)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in OW cats at T1

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Butyrivibrio
Bulleidia
Dialister
Acidaminococcus
Veillonella
Mogibacterium
Mitsuokella
Collinsella
Megasphaera
Oribacterium
Bifidobacterium
Porphyromonas
Holdemania
Gallibacterium
Pasteurella
Peptococcus
Campylobacter
Barnesiella
Alistipes
Coprococcus
Odoribacter
Megamonas
Helicobacter
Roseburia
Oscillospira
Streptococcus
Butyricicoccus
Enterococcus

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S3

Description: Decreased abundance in OW cats at T1 (baseline feeding)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in OW cats at T1

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Fusobacterium
Allobaculum
Anaerobiospirillum
Phascolarctobacterium
Dorea
Prevotella
Eubacterium
Sutterella
Turicibacter
Lactobacillus
Faecalibacterium
Actinomyces
Desulfovibrio
Plesiomonas
Parabacteroides
Adlercreutzia
Bacteroides
Peptostreptococcus
Paraprevotella
Clostridium
Catenibacterium
Candidatus Arthromitus
Escherichia
Ruminococcus
Slackia
Anaerotruncus
Blautia
Butyricimonas
Shigella
Succinivibrio

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Experiment 2


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Lwaldron, Deacme, Grace og, Folakunmi

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
diet Dietary,Diets,diet
Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
OW cats at T1(end of baseline feeding)
Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
CON-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Overweight domestic felines placed on the control diet at T2 (end of intervention)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
20
Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
10

Lab analysis

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S4

Description: Increased abundance in CON-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in CON-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Alistipes
Anaerobiospirillum
Anaerotruncus
Bacteroides
Blautia
Bulleidia
Butyricicoccus
Butyrivibrio
Catenibacterium
Clostridium
Collinsella
Coprococcus
Desulfovibrio
Dialister
Dorea
Eubacterium
Faecalibacterium
Holdemania
Odoribacter
Oscillospira
Parabacteroides
Peptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
Porphyromonas
Roseburia
Ruminococcus
Slackia
Succinivibrio
Paraprevotella
Adlercreutzia

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S4

Description: Decreased abundance in CON-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in CON-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Megasphaera
Fusobacterium
Veillonella
Bifidobacterium
Sutterella
Megamonas
Lactobacillus
Mogibacterium
Prevotella
Oribacterium
Phascolarctobacterium
Enterococcus
Acidaminococcus
Turicibacter
Candidatus Arthromitus
Escherichia
Helicobacter
Streptococcus
Campylobacter

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Experiment 3


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme, Lwaldron, Folakunmi

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
Overweight domestic felines placed on the HPLC diet at T2 (end of intervention)

Lab analysis

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
Not specified
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Not specified

Statistical Analysis

Alpha Diversity

Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
increased
Richness Number of species
increased
Faith Phylogenetic diversity, takes into account phylogenetic distance of all taxa identified in a sample
increased

Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/05

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S4

Description: Increased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Faecalibacterium
Fusobacterium
Clostridium
Blautia
Peptococcus
Parabacteroides
Sutterella
Butyricicoccus
Ruminococcus
Slackia
Bacteroides
Oscillospira
Adlercreutzia
Dorea
Eubacterium
Porphyromonas
Prevotella
Oribacterium
Phascolarctobacterium
Peptostreptococcus
Paraprevotella
Holdemania
Escherichia
Butyrivibrio

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/10

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S4

Description: Decreased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Megasphaera
Veillonella
Bifidobacterium
Alistipes
Anaerotruncus
Odoribacter
Catenibacterium
Roseburia
Megamonas
Bulleidia
Lactobacillus
Coprococcus
Mogibacterium
Succinivibrio
Enterococcus
Acidaminococcus
Dialister
Turicibacter
Collinsella
Candidatus Arthromitus
Desulfovibrio
Helicobacter
Streptococcus
Campylobacter
Anaerobiospirillum

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Experiment 4


Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/10

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme, LGeistlinger

Differences from previous experiment shown

Subjects

Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
CON-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)
Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
HPLC-fed overweight domestic felines at T2 (end of intervention)
Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
10

Lab analysis

16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
V3-V4
Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
Illumina

Statistical Analysis

Statistical test
Kruskall-Wallis


Signature 1

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/10

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S4

Description: Increased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Blautia
Butyricicoccus
Butyrivibrio
Clostridium
Enterococcus
Escherichia
Eubacterium
Faecalibacterium
Fusobacterium
Oribacterium
Peptococcus
Peptostreptococcus
Phascolarctobacterium
Prevotella
Ruminococcus
Streptococcus
Sutterella
Candidatus Arthromitus

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Signature 2

Needs review

Curated date: 2023/10/10

Curator: Deacme

Revision editor(s): Deacme

Source: Table S4

Description: Decreased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in HPLC-fed OW cats at T2 (end of intervention)

NCBI Quality ControlLinks
Megasphaera
Veillonella
Bifidobacterium
Alistipes
Anaerotruncus
Parabacteroides
Odoribacter
Catenibacterium
Roseburia
Megamonas
Slackia
Bacteroides
Bulleidia
Lactobacillus
Oscillospira
Coprococcus
Dorea
Mogibacterium
Porphyromonas
Succinivibrio
Acidaminococcus
Paraprevotella
Dialister
Turicibacter
Collinsella
Desulfovibrio
Helicobacter
Campylobacter
Anaerobiospirillum

Revision editor(s): Deacme