Smoking and salivary microbiota: a cross-sectional analysis of an Italian alpine population
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Study information
-
Quality control
- Retracted paper
- Contamination issues suspected
- Batch effect issues suspected
- Uncontrolled confounding suspected
- Results are suspect (various reasons)
- Tags applied
study design
Citation
PMID PubMed identifier for scientific articles.
DOI Digital object identifier for electronic documents.
URI
Authors
Antonello G, Blostein F, Bhaumik D, Davis E, Gögele M, Melotti R, Pramstaller P, Pattaro C, Segata N, Foxman B, Fuchsberger C
Journal
Scientific reports
Year
2023
The oral microbiota plays an important role in the exogenous nitrate reduction pathway and is associated with heart and periodontal disease and cigarette smoking. We describe smoking-related changes in oral microbiota composition and resulting potential metabolic pathway changes that may explain smoking-related changes in disease risk. We analyzed health information and salivary microbiota composition among 1601 Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol participants collected 2017-2018. Salivary microbiota taxa were assigned from amplicon sequences of the 16S-V4 rRNA and used to describe microbiota composition and predict metabolic pathways. Aerobic taxa relative abundance decreased with daily smoking intensity and increased with years since cessation, as did inferred nitrate reduction. Former smokers tended to be more similar to Never smokers than to Current smokers, especially those who had quit for longer than 5 years. Cigarette smoking has a consistent, generalizable association on oral microbiota composition and predicted metabolic pathways, some of which associate in a dose-dependent fashion. Smokers who quit for longer than 5 years tend to have salivary microbiota profiles comparable to never smokers.
Experiment 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Folakunmi on 2024-2-23
Subjects
- Location of subjects
- Italy
- Host species Species from which microbiome was sampled. Contact us to have more species added.
- Homo sapiens
- Body site Anatomical site where microbial samples were extracted from according to the Uber Anatomy Ontology
- Mouth Adult mouth,Cavital oralis,Cavitas oris,Cavum oris,Mouth cavity,Oral region,Oral vestibule,Regio oralis,Rima oris,Stoma,Stomatodaeum,Trophic apparatus,Vestibule of mouth,Vestibulum oris,Mouth,mouth
- Condition The experimental condition / phenotype studied according to the Experimental Factor Ontology
- Smoking status measurement Smoking status measurement,smoking status measurement
- Group 0 name Corresponds to the control (unexposed) group for case-control studies
- Never smokers
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Current smokers
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Individuals who reported being smokers at the day of examination with daily smoking intensity at least 1 month prior to the visit.
- Group 0 sample size Number of subjects in the control (unexposed) group
- 880
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 326
- Antibiotics exclusion Number of days without antibiotics usage (if applicable) and other antibiotics-related criteria used to exclude participants (if any)
- 12 weeks
Lab analysis
- Sequencing type
- 16S
- 16S variable region One or more hypervariable region(s) of the bacterial 16S gene
- V4
- Sequencing platform Manufacturer and experimental platform used for quantifying microbial abundance
- Illumina
Statistical Analysis
- Data transformation Data transformation applied to microbial abundance measurements prior to differential abundance testing (if any).
- raw counts
- Statistical test
- DESeq2
- Significance threshold p-value or FDR threshold used for differential abundance testing (if any)
- 0.05
- MHT correction Have statistical tests be corrected for multiple hypothesis testing (MHT)?
- Yes
- Confounders controlled for Confounding factors that have been accounted for by stratification or model adjustment
- age, number of teeth measurement, sex
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- unchanged
- Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
Signature 1
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Folakunmi on 2024-2-22
Source: figure 1
Description: Heatmap of the 44 genera diferentially abundant between Current and Never smokers
Abundance in Group 1: increased abundance in Current smokers
Revision editor(s): OdigiriGreat, Folakunmi
Signature 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Folakunmi on 2024-2-22
Source: figure 1
Description: Result of the Heatmap of the 44 genera diferentially abundant between Current and Never smokers.
Abundance in Group 1: decreased abundance in Current smokers
Revision editor(s): OdigiriGreat, Folakunmi
Experiment 2
Reviewed Marked as Reviewed by Folakunmi on 2024-2-23
Differences from previous experiment shown
Subjects
- Group 1 name Corresponds to the case (exposed) group for case-control studies
- Former smokers
- Group 1 definition Diagnostic criteria applied to define the specific condition / phenotype represented in the case (exposed) group
- Individuals who quit smoking 17.96 years on average
- Group 1 sample size Number of subjects in the case (exposed) group
- 395
Lab analysis
Statistical Analysis
Alpha Diversity
- Shannon Estimator of species richness and species evenness: more weight on species richness
- unchanged
- Chao1 Abundance-based estimator of species richness
- unchanged
- Inverse Simpson Modification of Simpsons index D as 1/D to obtain high values in datasets of high diversity and vice versa
- unchanged
- Richness Number of species
- unchanged
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